Inl„mnings uppgift i Engelska i†k 9 


The second world war 1939 - 1941

HITLER OBTAIN THE POWER

After the peace in Versailles 1919, Hitler joined DAP, "Die Deutsche Arbeiter Partei". In 1920 they
changed name to NSDAP, National Sozialistische Deutche Arbeiter Partei. Even at this time Hitler
had planes to make Germany to a great power and he hated t he communists and the jews.

During the twentieth century the unemployment groved in Germany. They had to pay a great
wardamaged. In 1932 the Nazist party got 13.7 million votes and became the greatest party of
Germany. In the re-election, a half year later, the Nazist party loosed a bout 2 million votes. 1933
Hitler became head of the state and a new election was hold where Hitler could control the
propaganda. In this election they got 43.9%. With help from other parties they forbade the
communist party. The Nazist party now had more than 2/3 of the parliament. Germany became a
dictatorship.

Then they forbade party after party and all national trade unions. Only one youth-party was
allowed, the Hitler-jugend. The jews had no longer citizenship in Germany and they had to carry a
Davidstar. 

HITLER BROKES PROMISES

Hitlers first move in the second worldwar was to move armies into the Rhenarea. That place should
be free from military forces. The next step was to occupy Austria, which they did without war. But
Hitler wasnït pleased. In 1938 Hitler demanded the Sudeta rea, where most of the population are
German, from Czechoslovakia. Next year Germany occupied the whole Czechoslovakia.

The 21st of Mars 1939, Germany demanded parts of Poland. The 23th of August Gemany formed
a nonattack pack with the Sovjetunion. The settlement included that Germany should take Poland
and the Sovjetunion should take Finland and the baltic states. 

THE WAR ABOUT POLAND

The 1st of September the first military action came. 3200 tanks moved into Poland. They were
reliefed by Ju-87 Junker planes that bombed Polandïs tankbrigades. The Ju-87 planes were
protected by Messerschmitt Bf-110 planes. Polandïs air strength were the polish PZL P-11 and
P-7 planes. They were easy handled and fighted good. But the Polish tank divions had no chances
against Germanyïs. Poland had 600 tanks.

The fast attacks Germany did were very successful. Poland hadnït mobilize when Germay attacked.
At the same time Sovjetunion attacked from east. Poland loosed. The 28th of September Poland
was shared by Sovjetunion and Germany. 

WAR IN FINLAND

The 14th of Oktober Sovjetunion demanded parts of Finland, parts of the Karelska isthmus, and
wanted to hire a navy base on Hang”. Finland should get parts of North Karelen instead. Finland
didnït accept the demands and the 30th of November Sovjetunion at tacked. They terror bombed
Helsingfors and other big cities. The troups included 19 infantery divisions, 5 tankbrigades, 800
planes and 300 000 Sovjetïs soldiers. Finland had about 120 000 soldiers but only 100 planes.
They had two advantages: the terrain and the very cold winter. They were good forest soldiers and
they could return easier to the base than the russians. Sovjetunion losed about 27 000 men and
Finland 2 700 men. The 12th of Mars 1940, Finland had to leave the land that Sovjetunion
demanded. 

NORTH OF EUROPE

The 9th of April 1940 Germany occupied Denmark without conflicts. They began a invasion of
Norway too. The Garmanies landed paracute troops to make the war quick. But the fast attack
failed and it took over two monthes. The intension was to have a safe ro ck transport from Sweden.
That transport was through Norway and the seaway to Denmark. Norwayïs coust was also good
for submarine attackes against Great Britain. 

Germany didnït occupy Sweden, but they extorted them. The German troups and armament were
transported through Sweden. 

GREAT BRITAIN

Chamberlain had to leave the president post in Britain. The criticism against him groved. Winston
Churchill compensated Chamberlain and made a new goverment. His first words to the Englishmen
were: "I have nothing else to offer you, than blood, sweat and tears." 

TARGET: FRANCE

As in the first world war, Germany took the way through the Benelux countries into France. The
10th of May 1940 Germay attacked the Netherlands. The first step was to destroy the Netherlands
air defence. They also landed parachute troups near the capital. Hard battles arised and Germany
got problems. The Netherlands retired when Germany began the terrorbombing of Rotterdam and
Haag the 14th of May.

Grebbeline was the most important defence line. Grebbeline was behind the boundary between the
Netherlands and Belgium. It never became ready and it fell very easy. France understood that they
should lose. But they got a secret message about Germanyïs battle plan and they changed their
strategy immediatly. The Germany attack was successful because of the air actions. The French and
Brittish armies became surrended at Dukerque and escaped over the channel into Britain. The
escape took 7 days, from the 26th of May to the 4th of June. 

THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN

The 10th of July 1940, the battle of Britain started. It went on all the summer and autumn with big
air battles. The 7th of September the terror bombing began against London. It went on in 57 days.
But the brittish could fight it back and there never was an invasion of Great Britain 

NORTH AFRICA

During 1941 Mussolini, the Italyïs dictator, tried to invade areas around the Mediterranean sea. He
started in Libya and moved east. In the end they losed and Hitler dicided to help him. He sent two
German divions to North Africa. They came to the Egyptia n city, El-Alamein, but there Britain won
a great tank battle. Here the war turned around in south. 

THE SECOND TURN

When Hitler couldnït invade Great Britain he decided to attack Sovjetunion. He took Hungary,
Bulgaria and Rumania before Jugoslavia and Greece were occupied.

The 22nd of June 1941 the Germany armies moved over the frontiers into Leningrad, Moscow and
Stalingrad. Longer they nerver reached. The winter came and they were far from home and couldnït
get food or warm clothes. Hitler gave them order not to retire. T he Sovjetunion did a back attack
and Germany lost. Now the war turned around in east too. 

Later USA came from west and pressed Germany back. 

av Martin Jacobsson i klass 9

Tillbaka